Minimizing a drug’s size is an EFFECTive means to increase its dissolution and hence the bioavailability, which can be achieved by specialized dispersion techniques. This strategy results in increased surface area, the potential to increase saturation solubility, and decreased diffusional distance, all of which lead to an increase in the extent and the rate of dissolution. The purpose of this research was to develop antisolvent precipitation system for the preparation of stable aqueous suspension from ultrafine particles of lamotrigine as a poorly water soluble drug. Use of high stream velocities enhances mixing of lamotrigine acetic acid solution with water, that water was containing of polymer or surfactant inhibitor, was prepared a solution with lamotrigine particles with size <250 nm. Several experimental parameters, such as the type of stabilizer, the concentration of stabilizer, the concentration of salt (NaCl) and the concentration of drug that affected on size of the particles were optimized by undertaking Taguchi experimental design methodology. Using different analytical tools, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the EFFECT of different parameters on the size of the produced particles was investigated. The results showed that the best stabilizer is PEG (poly ethylene glocal) 4 mg ml-1, concentration of lamotrigine 10 mg ml-1 and NaCl concentration: 2 mol L-1, that the produced submicrometer suspension had a mean particle size of 248.5 nm and size distribution 243.9 – 252.2 nm.

Gene editing has many promising applications for the treatment of diseases with unmet clinical needs, including cancers and autoimmune. There are two main routes for gene delivery: viral and non-viral. Recent research shows viral methods are emerging in clinical trials. Nevertheless, there are still a couple of technological obstacles that require further improvements, these include virus concentration and low efficiency of transduction. This research aimed to employ superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) to solve these problems. Three sizes of 10, 40, and 120 nm SPION were synthesized by co-precipitation and Sol-Gel methods, and characterized by XRD, FTIR, FESEM, and VSM. Conjugating SPION to viruses by polyethylene glycol (PEG) can increase the sedimentation of viruses due to magnetic and gravity forces even without ultracentrifuge. Moreover, this magnetic force can guide viruses toward cells and tremendously facilitate the transduction process. As shown, average size SPION (40 nm) revealed the best performance, especially in combination with SALTING-out precipitation and increased transduction efficiency of more than 20-fold. SPION size has significant EFFECTs and should be considered for this application. The combination of the SALTING-out method and SPION has a synergic EFFECT and elevates transduction results tremendously.

The purpose of this study was EFFECT of different brine concentrations (10%, 15% and 20% NaCl) with two ratios brine to fish (1:1 and 1:1.6), dry SALTING and storage on SALTING products yield and biochemical changes of silver carp fillets. Followed factors were studied in dry SALTING samples and weight was determined in total of SALTING samples. The results indicated that the different brine concentration significantly affected the weight changes of the fillets. The weight gain of the fillets increased with decreasing brine concentration, which highest and lowest weight was found in 10% and 20% (1:1) respectively. There was an EFFECT of SALTING different methods on yield (P<0.05) that Maximum and minimum weight was found in brine SALTING and storage respectively. Moisture and salt content decreased and increased respectively during processing and increasing brine SALTING (P<0.05). During the increasing of salt content silver carp fillet have significant EFFECT in decreased protein content and increased fat and pH during brine SALTING, dry SALTING and storage.